# pgrust | Michael Malis | Knowledge Base | Instagit

Postgres rewritten in Rust, now passing 100% of the Postgres regression tests

GitHub Stars: 2.5k

Repository: https://github.com/malisper/pgrust

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## Articles

### [How Logical and Physical Replication Work in pgrust: A Deep Dive into the CopyBoth API](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-logical-and-physical-replication-work-in-pgrust-project)

Explore how pgrust implements logical and physical replication using the CopyBoth API. Discover type-safe Rust methods for seamless data streaming and slot management.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Implements Locking and LWLock: PostgreSQL Concurrency Primitives in Rust](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-implementation-of-locking-and-lwlock-in-pgrust)

Discover how pgrust implements PostgreSQL locking and LWLock using Rust abstractions. Learn about safe concurrency primitives and RAII guard types for shared memory coordination.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Manages User-Defined Types and Domains: A Deep Dive into the Type Cache System](/malisper/pgrust/how-are-user-defined-types-and-domains-managed-in-pgrust)

Discover how pgrust manages user-defined types and domains using a centralized type cache system and specialized modules. Learn about constraint validation and I/O operations.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How Vacuum and Autovacuum Operations Work in pgrust](/malisper/pgrust/how-do-vacuum-and-autovacuum-operations-function-in-pgrust)

Explore how pgrust implements PostgreSQL vacuum and autovacuum in Rust. Understand heap_vacuum_rel, cost-delay, and eager-freeze for efficient database maintenance.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Connection Handling and Postmaster Architecture in pgrust: A Deep Dive into the Rust PostgreSQL Implementation](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-connection-handling-and-postmaster-architecture-in-pgrust)

Explore pgrust's connection handling and postmaster architecture, a Rust port of PostgreSQL's model. Understand how the master process manages backends for client requests.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Handles Prepared Statements and Portals: PostgreSQL's Two-Stage Model in Rust](/malisper/pgrust/how-are-prepared-statements-and-portals-handled-in-pgrust)

Learn how pgrust implements PostgreSQL's prepared statements and portals in Rust. Discover safe Rust seams for query planning and execution contexts.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the COPY Command Works in pgrust: Protocol Implementation and Data Streaming](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-copy-command-work-within-pgrust-system)

Explore the pgrust COPY command's protocol implementation and data streaming. Understand frontend/backend message handling and PostgreSQL's bulk data transfer.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Which Index Access Methods Are Supported by pgrust? B‑tree, Hash, GiST, and GIN](/malisper/pgrust/which-index-access-methods-are-supported-by-pgrust-btree-hash-gist-gin)

Explore pgrust's support for PostgreSQL index access methods including B-tree, Hash, GiST, and GIN. Discover Rust-based equivalents for efficient indexing.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Implements Transaction and Concurrency Control: A Deep Dive into the Rust PostgreSQL Clone](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-implementation-of-transaction-and-concurrency-control-in-pgrust)

Explore how pgrust implements transaction and concurrency control using safe Rust abstractions and callback-driven seams for MVCC snapshot handling and resource management in this PostgreSQL clone.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the pgrust Query Optimizer Works: A Deep Dive into the Rust Implementation](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-query-optimizer-operate-in-pgrust)

Explore the pgrust query optimizer, a Rust re-implementation of PostgreSQL's planner. Learn its stages: variable flattening, catalog lookups, path generation, and join ordering. Understand this modular architecture.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [pgrust Parser Architecture: How SQL Parsing Works in the PL/pgSQL Frontend](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-parser-architecture-in-pgrust-and-how-is-sql-parsing-achieved)

Explore pgrust's parser architecture. Discover how it parses SQL within PL/pgSQL by using a recursive-descent parser and custom scanner, mirroring PostgreSQL's grammar.

- Tags: architecture
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the Catalog System Functions in the pgrust Project: A Technical Deep Dive](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-catalog-system-function-within-pgrust-project)

Explore the pgrust catalog system's Rust implementation of PostgreSQL's system-catalog. Learn about OID lookups, MVCC snapshot management, and runtime catalog-driven dispatch.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How Memory Context (Mcx) Management Works in pgrust: A Rust Implementation of PostgreSQL's MemoryContext](/malisper/pgrust/how-is-memory-context-mcx-management-implemented-in-rust-for-pgrust)

Discover how pgrust implements PostgreSQL's MemoryContext (Mcx) management in Rust. Learn about its safe Rust approach, Allocator trait integration, and borrow checker benefits for robust memory handling.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Write-Ahead Logging (WAL) Architecture in pgrust: A Rust Reimplementation of PostgreSQL's Transaction Log](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-write-ahead-logging-wal-architecture-in-pgrust)

Explore pgrust's Write-Ahead Logging WAL architecture rebuilt in safe Rust. Discover record assembly, compression, and crash recovery with PostgreSQL binary compatibility. Learn more.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How Does the pgrust Executor Manage Parallel Query Execution?](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-executor-manage-parallel-query-execution)

Discover how the pgrust executor manages parallel query execution using ParallelContextHandle for leader-worker coordination and Rust error handling.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the Port Layer in pgrust Abstracts Platform-Specific Functionality](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-port-layer-in-pgrust-abstract-platform-specific-functionalities)

Discover how the pgrust port layer abstracts platform code. It binds platform-independent declarations to OS-specific implementations, enabling a unified API and avoiding conditional compilation.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [pgrust Thread-Per-Connection Model: How It Contrasts with PostgreSQL Process-Per-Connection](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-pgrust-thread-per-connection-model-and-how-it-contrasts-with-postgresql)

Explore the pgrust thread-per-connection model and its contrast with PostgreSQL. Optimize performance by replacing heavyweight fork operations with lightweight Rust threads.

- Tags: architecture
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Manages Dynamic Library Loading for PostgreSQL Extensions](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-manage-dynamic-library-loading-for-extensions)

Discover how pgrust manages dynamic library loading for PostgreSQL extensions in Rust. Learn about its OS-edge loader and in-process registry for efficient symbol resolution without dlopen.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Rust Implementation of the Buffer Manager and Storage Layer in pgrust](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-rust-implementation-of-buffer-manager-and-storage-layer)

Explore the Rust implementation of PostgreSQL's buffer manager and storage layer in pgrust. Learn how the BufferManager struct centralizes operations for efficient data management.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Handles Query Execution and Expression Evaluation in PL/pgSQL](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-handle-query-execution-and-expression-evaluation)

Explore how pgrust handles query execution and expression evaluation in PL/pgSQL using a layered seam architecture and bridge functions for efficient processing.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [PL/pgSQL Executor Implementation in malisper/pgrust: Understanding REAL-OR-LOUD](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-plpgsql-executor-implementation-and-role-of-real-or-loud)

Explore the PL/pgSQL executor implementation in malisper/pgrust. Discover how REAL-OR-LOUD separates control-flow logic from value-substrate seams using a Rust port.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the Seams Architecture Facilitates Porting PostgreSQL to Rust](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-seams-architecture-facilitate-postgres-to-rust-porting)

Discover how the Seams architecture in pgrust enables gradual PostgreSQL to Rust porting. Achieve test-driven migration and maintain binary compatibility with isolated Rust functions.

- Tags: architecture
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Implements Table Partitioning: PostgreSQL Architecture Ported to Rust](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-implement-table-partitioning)

Explore how pgrust implements table partitioning using a Rust architecture. Learn about its layered approach to DDL parsing caching metadata and optimizing queries with runtime constraint validation.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Catalog System Architecture in pgrust: A Three-Layer Rust Implementation of PostgreSQL System Tables](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-the-catalog-system-architecture-in-pgrust)

Explore the pgrust catalog system architecture A three-layer Rust implementation of PostgreSQL system tables Learn about its modular design snapshot management and extension APIs

- Tags: architecture
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Handles Prepared Statements and the Plan Cache: A Deep Dive](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-handle-prepared-statements-and-the-plan-cache)

Discover how pgrust handles prepared statements and plan caching with its unique three-layer architecture for efficient Rust-based PostgreSQL integration. Learn more.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Security Features Implemented in pgrust: PostgreSQL's Security Model in Rust](/malisper/pgrust/what-security-features-are-implemented-in-pgrust)

Explore pgrust's security features, including RLS policies and SECURITY DEFINER functions. Understand PostgreSQL's security model implemented in Rust for enhanced backend security.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Handles JSON and JSONB Data Types: A Complete Rust Implementation](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-handle-json-and-jsonb-data-types)

Explore how pgrust implements PostgreSQL JSON and JSONB data types in safe Rust. Discover its three-layer architecture for parsing, serialization, and zero-copy access.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [What Access Methods Does pgrust Support? (B‑tree, Hash, GiST, GIN, SP‑GiST, and BRIN)](/malisper/pgrust/what-access-methods-does-pgrust-support-b-tree-hash-gist-etc)

Explore pgrust's support for PostgreSQL index access methods including B-tree, Hash, GiST, GIN, SP-GiST, and BRIN. Optimize your PostgreSQL performance with efficient indexing.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [What Storage Engines Does pgrust Support? A Complete Technical Guide](/malisper/pgrust/what-storage-engines-does-pgrust-support)

Explore the seven storage engines supported by pgrust: heap, unlogged, TOAST, temporary, WAL, DSM, and shared buffers. pgrust mirrors the PostgreSQL 13 storage stack in Rust.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Handles Physical Replication: A Deep Dive into the Rust Implementation](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-handle-physical-replication)

Explore how pgrust handles PostgreSQL physical replication by porting C logic to safe Rust, using copy-protocol messages and a wal-sender process.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Handles Logical Replication: A Deep Dive into the PostgreSQL Rust Client](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-handle-logical-replication)

Discover how pgrust handles logical replication. Learn about its CopyBoth streaming API and PgClientConn for seamless Rust client to PostgreSQL server communication.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Manages Database Transactions: A Layered Approach to PostgreSQL Integration](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-pgrusts-transaction-management-approach)

Discover how pgrust manages database transactions with a layered approach for seamless PostgreSQL integration. Safely control atomic operations in Rust and PL/pgSQL.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Implements Write-Ahead Logging (WAL): A Rust Port of PostgreSQL's Architecture](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-implement-write-ahead-logging-wal)

Explore how pgrust implements Write-Ahead Logging by porting PostgreSQL's WAL to Rust. Discover the WAL crate and xloginsert module for efficient record handling.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Performance Differences Between pgrust and PostgreSQL: A Deep Dive into the Rust Rewrite](/malisper/pgrust/what-are-the-performance-differences-between-pgrust-and-postgresql)

Explore pgrust vs PostgreSQL performance. Discover how pgrust offers 50% faster transactions and 300x faster analytics by leveraging Rust's efficiency and modern architecture.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the pgrust SQL Parser Handles Query Parsing: A Deep Dive into the PostgreSQL 18.3 Port](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-the-pgrust-sql-parser-handle-query-parsing)

Explore the malisper/pgrust SQL parser and its memory-safe Rust pipeline for PostgreSQL 18.3 queries. Learn how it uses Bison grammar, a lexer, and arena-based lifetimes for efficient parsing.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How the pgrust Query Optimizer Works: A Deep Dive into the Rust Implementation](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-the-pgrust-query-optimizer-work)

Explore how the pgrust query optimizer leverages Rust's safety and modularity to rebuild PostgreSQL's planner, offering a unique perspective on query optimization.

- Tags: deep-dive
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [The pgrust Query Executor Architecture: Safe Rust Implementation of PostgreSQL's Engine](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-the-architecture-of-the-pgrust-query-executor)

Explore the pgrust query executor architecture, a safe Rust implementation of PostgreSQL's engine. Learn how it eliminates C lifetime issues with an owned QueryDesc handle.

- Tags: architecture
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [What Is the Memory Context System (mcx) in pgrust? Hierarchical Memory Management Explained](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-the-memory-context-system-mcx-in-pgrust-and-how-does-it-manage-memory)

Explore the memory context system mcx in pgrust. Learn how this Rust implementation of PostgreSQL's arena allocator manages memory hierarchically for efficient tracking and cleanup.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Can pgrust boot from an existing Postgres 18.3 data directory?](/malisper/pgrust/can-pgrust-boot-from-an-existing-postgres-18-3-data-directory)

Discover if pgrust can boot from an existing Postgres 18.3 data directory. Learn about version compatibility and startup requirements for pgrust.

- Tags: how-to-guide
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [How pgrust Achieves Disk Compatibility with PostgreSQL: Byte-Level Replication Techniques](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrust-achieve-disk-compatibility-with-postgresql)

Discover how pgrust achieves disk compatibility with PostgreSQL using byte-level replication of C structs, serializers, and native endian handling for seamless data interchange between Rust and C instances.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [Understanding the Seam Architecture in pgrust: Breaking Dependency Cycles with Compile-Time Indirection](/malisper/pgrust/what-is-the-seam-architecture-in-pgrust-and-how-does-it-break-dependency-cycles)

Discover the seam architecture in pgrust. Learn how the seam! macro uses compile-time indirection to break dependency cycles and separate interfaces from implementations.

- Tags: internals
- Published: 2026-07-13

### [pgrust Thread‑Per‑Connection Model vs PostgreSQL Process‑Per‑Connection Architecture](/malisper/pgrust/how-does-pgrusts-thread-per-connection-model-compare-to-postgresquls-process-per-connection-architecture)

Discover how pgrust's thread-per-connection model in Rust offers reduced overhead and full protocol compatibility compared to PostgreSQL's process-per-connection architecture.

- Tags: architecture
- Published: 2026-07-13